We are fortunate to be living in an age when the "miracles" of science offer couples important information regarding their genetic "compatibility." Genetic testing should be a part of every couple's intelligent wedding planning because of the many advantages it provides in the prevention, management and treatment of disease. The results of genetic tests give couples information about their predisposition to certain diseases and the odds of their passing on those diseases to their unborn children. On a community-wide level, such testing has already been effective in reducing the occurrences of some genetic diseases such as thalassaemia, for which there is still no cure.

Genetic testing involves looking at different characteristics of an individual's DNA and comparing it to characteristics of DNA from those that have known genetic disorders. The DNA used for genetic tests is usually obtained from a blood sample, or other body fluids or tissues. The obtained DNA is tested and its different characteristics are observed and compared. Individual genes or markers near the genes can also be tested. These techniques look at specific genes and result in the identification of and predispositions to specific diseases such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia and Tay-Sachs disease. This type of testing is used primarily with couples who have family history of recessive genetic disorders.

There are more than 4,000 genetic diseases that are passed from generation to generation and only a few that can be genetically tested with genetics. As is often the case, the "blessing" of genetic testing has social, religious and ethical ramifications. Couples would be wise to discuss their individual feelings about testing with one another and, where necessary, seek help and/or counseling.

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